What happens to Catholic devotion when adopted by a society whose pre-existing religious landscape is structured by radically different spatial principles? To tackle this question, this lecture focuses on the Jesuits’ mission to China. It argues that the relationship between temple and household in early modern China differed quite significantly from the relationship between churches and the domestic sphere in Catholic lands, and that pre-existing Chinese concepts of religious space shaped Chinese Catholicism. By pointing to the prominent role of domestic devotion, it shows how Chinese Catholic religious space was gendered, and how Eurocentric assumptions about religious space have for a long time prevented us from seeing the contributions of women to Chinese Catholicism.